{"id":37,"date":"2008-04-22T16:10:59","date_gmt":"2008-04-23T00:10:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mightyelephant.com\/ams\/?p=37"},"modified":"2016-04-23T06:19:23","modified_gmt":"2016-04-23T14:19:23","slug":"pulleys-force-and-distance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mightyelephant.com\/ams\/pulleys-force-and-distance\/","title":{"rendered":"Project 2: &#8220;Pulleys, Forces and Distances&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Title: Pulleys, Forces and Distances<\/h2>\n<p><a title=\"Pulley\" href=\"http:\/\/mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/05\/pulleydiagram.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/05\/pulleydiagram.thumbnail.png\" alt=\"Pulley\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:'Verdana, Tahoma, Arial';\"><strong>Introduction:<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Pulleys have been around for hundreds of years. The ancient Greeks even had pulleys. Pulleys have been around so long that nobody knows when they were invented.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Block and Tackle\" href=\"http:\/\/mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/05\/180px-pulleyship.JPG\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/05\/180px-pulleyship.thumbnail.JPG\" alt=\"Block and Tackle\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Pulleys are used for:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ships for lifting cargo and sails<\/li>\n<li>Lifting heavy things<\/li>\n<li>Changing the direction of the pull<\/li>\n<li>Lifting logs and other heavy stuff<\/li>\n<li>On cranes for lifting heavy building materials<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial';\"><strong>Question<\/strong>:<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Why are pulleys useful?<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial';\"><strong>Hypothesis<\/strong>:<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>I think that pulleys will make a big difference when I lift something.<\/p>\n<h2><!--more--><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial';\"><strong>Experiment<\/strong>:<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Part A: Simple Pulley Force<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Part A: Simple Pulley Force\" href=\"http:\/\/mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/05\/parta_small.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/05\/parta_small.thumbnail.jpg\" alt=\"Part A: Simple Pulley Force\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Part B: Simple Pulley Distance<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Simple Pulley Distance\" href=\"http:\/\/mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/05\/partb_small.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/05\/partb_small.thumbnail.jpg\" alt=\"Simple Pulley Distance\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Part C: Double Pulley Force<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Double Pulley Force\" href=\"http:\/\/mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/05\/partc_small.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/05\/partc_small.thumbnail.jpg\" alt=\"Double Pulley Force\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Part D: Double Pulley Distance<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Double Pulley Distance\" href=\"http:\/\/mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/05\/partd_small.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/05\/partd_small.thumbnail.jpg\" alt=\"Double Pulley Distance\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial';\"><strong>Equipment Used<\/strong>:<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>two 1000 gram spring scales<\/li>\n<li>one single pulley<\/li>\n<li>one double pulley<\/li>\n<li>10 feet of nylon rope<\/li>\n<li>a test fixture frame<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial';\"><strong>Results<\/strong>:<\/span><\/h2>\n<h4>Part A: Forces when using a simple pulley.<\/h4>\n<table border=\"1\" width=\"241\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th align=\"center\">W1<\/th>\n<th align=\"center\">W2<\/th>\n<th align=\"center\">W2\u00f7W1<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">100 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">200 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">2.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">200 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">400 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">2.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">300 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">600 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">2.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">400 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">800 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">2.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>We also put a scale to measure the other force (W3) pulling down.<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" width=\"241\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th align=\"center\">W1<\/th>\n<th align=\"center\">W3<\/th>\n<th align=\"center\">W3+W1<\/th>\n<th align=\"center\">W2<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">100 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">100 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">200 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">200 g<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">200 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">200 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">400 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">400 g<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">300 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">300 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">600 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">600 g<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">400 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">400 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">800 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">800 g<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">400 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">400 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">800 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">800 g<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>This means that the two forces pulling down together (W1 and W3) equals the force pulling up (W2) or W1 + W3 = W2. And W1 and W3 are equal, so 2 times the force pulling down equals the force pulling up!<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Part A Data Sheet\" href=\"http:\/\/mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/05\/partadatasheet.pdf\">Part A Data Sheet<\/a><\/p>\n<h4>Part B: Distances when using a simple pulley.<\/h4>\n<table border=\"1\" width=\"241\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th align=\"center\">D1<\/th>\n<th align=\"center\">D2<\/th>\n<th align=\"center\">D1\u00f7D2<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">0 cm<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">0 cm<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">0.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">10 cm<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">9.5 cm<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">1.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">20 cm<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">9.5 cm<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">1.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">30 cm<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">9.5 cm<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">1.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><a title=\"Part B Data Sheet\" href=\"http:\/\/mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/05\/partbdatasheet.pdf\">Part B Data Sheet<\/a><\/p>\n<h4>Part C: Forces when using a double pulley.<\/h4>\n<table border=\"1\" width=\"241\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th align=\"center\">W1<\/th>\n<th align=\"center\">W2<\/th>\n<th align=\"center\">W2\u00f7W1<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">100 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">200 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">2.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">200 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">400 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">2.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">300 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">700 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">2.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">400 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">900 g<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">2.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><a title=\"Part C Data Sheet\" href=\"http:\/\/mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/05\/partcdatasheet.pdf\">Part C Data Sheet<\/a><\/p>\n<h4>Part D: Distances when using a double pulley.<\/h4>\n<table border=\"1\" width=\"241\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th align=\"center\">D1<\/th>\n<th align=\"center\">D2<\/th>\n<th align=\"center\">D1\u00f7D2<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">0 cm<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">0 cm<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">0.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">10 cm<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">3.2 cm<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">3.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">20 cm<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">3.2 cm<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">3.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">30 cm<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">3.4 cm<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\">2.9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><a title=\"Part D Data Sheet\" href=\"http:\/\/mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/05\/partddatasheet.pdf\">Part D Data Sheet<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoPlainText\">\n<h2><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial';\"><strong>What I Learned (Conclusion)<\/strong>:<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>I learned that pulleys can lift heavier things that we can&#8217;t. You can also use pulleys to change the direction of the pull. In Part C we can pick twice as much weight. But we have to pull three times as much rope.<\/p>\n<h2>References<\/h2>\n<p><a title=\"Pulleys on Nerds\" href=\"http:\/\/nerds.unl.edu\/pages\/preser\/sec\/skills\/Pulley\/_private\/introduction.htm\">http:\/\/nerds.unl.edu\/pages\/preser\/sec\/skills\/Pulley\/_private\/introduction.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Pulleys on Wikipedia\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pulley\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pulley<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Title: Pulleys, Forces and Distances Introduction: Pulleys have been around for hundreds of years. The ancient Greeks even had pulleys. Pulleys have been around so long that nobody knows when they were invented. Pulleys are used for: Ships for lifting cargo and sails Lifting heavy things Changing the direction of the pull Lifting logs and &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mightyelephant.com\/ams\/pulleys-force-and-distance\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Project 2: &#8220;Pulleys, Forces and Distances&#8221;<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,6,3],"tags":[216,213,238],"class_list":["post-37","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-2nd-grade","category-projects","category-school","tag-escondido","tag-science-project","tag-stem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6696,"href":"https:\/\/www.mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37\/revisions\/6696"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mightyelephant.com\/ams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}